SCIENCE: A KEY ROLE
IN POLICING
Suffolk Constabulary's new Scientific Services Unit forms the centrepiece
of the new-look Halesworth Police Station.
Science is helping recover more and more of the evidence that links
offenders to their crimes - whether through fingerprints or DNA traces.
The unit occupies the top two floors of the refurbished station
- and the investment in it underlines the key role science can play
in the Suffolk First initiative, which aims to make the county the
safest in the country by 2006.
The new facilities replace old accommodation at Force Headquarters,
Martlesham Heath, which was no longer suitable.
But investment has not been restricted to just bricks and mortar.
Extra staff, including Scenes of Crime Officers and fingerprint experts,
have been recruited too, bring the total number of posts to 48.
More staff means more crime scenes are now being visited than before
- 12,640 last year - with more vital evidence being recovered.
Scientific Services Manager Jim Burzio said that the new unit at
Halesworth meant that the Constabulary was now better equipped to
meet increasing demand.
"Under our Suffolk First campaign, one of the key aims is detecting
more crimes and these new facilities will help us push the force
even further forward," he said.
"We are going to more crime scenes and sending more samples
for testing. We're getting more fingerprint hits and more DNA hits,
and often these are crucial to the criminal justice process."
Science in today's police work generally begins when a Scenes of
Crime Officer visits a location where a crime has taken place. He
or she will be looking for tiny clues or tell-tale traces which could
help solve the crime.
The Constabulary has a total of 23 SOCOS, split into three teams
based in Bury St Edmunds, Ipswich and Lowestoft. They are headed
by the Principal Scenes of Crime Officer, who is based at the new
Halesworth unit.
They are kept busy. Between April and September this year, they
attended 2,000 burglary scenes and 1,500 vehicle crime incidents,
collecting finger marks, DNA material and footwear marks, in addition
to completing additional forensic work at other crime scenes and
photography at injury and fatal road traffic accidents.
All of this material has to be examined, catalogued and analysed
- and the new Unit at Halesworth provides the facilities to carry
out much of this work.
The Fingerprint Development Laboratory processes fingerprint lifts,
photographs or items for chemical treatment submitted by Scenes Of
Crime Officers.
Processed prints can then be input and checked against the National Automated
Fingerprint Identification System (NAFIS), a computerised system which holds
around six million sets of fingerprints and marks filed from undetected crimes.
The prints also have to be stored and maintained at the unit itself
- which has far more storage area than the accommodation occupied
by staff back at Force Headquarters.
"Staff are very pleased with the new facilities at Halesworth," said
Mr Burzio. "Fingerprint identifications are already up on the
target set for this year and when we are fully up and running it
will be higher still and the turnaround time should be quicker."
Prints and marks can be taken from materials ranging from paper
to polythene bags, thanks to a range of treatments, which often have
to carried out in specialist conditions to ensure that the chemical
processes involved work correctly.
"At the old unit, we could only do one test at a time," says
Mr Burzio. "But our new facility base a multi-treatment functional
area which allows us to do many different things at the same time."
A floor below the fingerprint lab is the DNA Administration section,
which provides DNA samples taken from prisoners and crime scenes
in Suffolk for the National DNA Database - which now holds over two
million samples.
Building up the database remains a priority - and the Home Office
and forces nationwide will spend over £56 million this year
on expanding it, with Suffolk spending more than £600,000.
The Home Office has funded a number of posts to help progress this
work, including DNA clerks, Scenes Of Crime Officers and forensic
analysts.
At the old unit, DNA Administration shared premises with Photographic
Imaging. The move to Halesworth has given the two sections separate
locations, with benefits for both.
All photographs taken by Scenes Of Crime Officers or other police
staff, such as prisoner photographs from custody, are processed by
the Photographic Imaging section.
It provides photographic albums for the investigation of crime cases
and for court purposes and photographs all marks developed by chemical
means by the Fingerprint Development Laboratory.
The small team will also undertake specialist photography at crime
scenes, using techniques including the use of quaser laser light
to show up latent finger marks by fluorescence and spray patterns
using Ultra Violet light sources.
The new facilities at Halesworth, and the additional investment,
has allowed the section to further progress into the digital age.
It has a new mini-lab which uses touch screen technology top produce
conventional prints from all kinds of media, digital or analogue,
including different video, DAT and photography formats.
Digital video cameras are now being used for evidence gathering
- and trials are underway which will see SOCOs move over to digital
photography in the near future.
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